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The Confucian church (''Kǒng jiàohuì'' 孔教会 or ''Rú jiàohuì'' 儒教会) is a Confucian religious and social institution of congregational type. It was first theorised by Kang Youwei (1858–1927) in the last years of the 19th century as a state church of China on the model of European state religions.〔Ya-pei Kuo, 2010.〕 The "Confucian church" model was later continued amongst overseas Chinese communities,〔Yong Chen, 2012. p. 174〕 who established independent Confucian churches active on the local level, especially in Indonesia and the United States. In contemporary China, since the 2000s, there has been a revival of Confucianism with the proliferation of Confucian academies (''shuyuan'' 书院), the opening and reopening of Confucian temples, the new phenomenon of grassroots Confucian communities or congregations (''shequ ruxue'' 社区儒学), and renewed talks about a national "Confucian church".〔Billioud, 2010. p. 201〕 ==Kang Youwei's national Confucian Church== The idea of a "Confucian Church" as the state religion of China was theorised by Kang Youwei as part of an early New Confucian search for a regeneration of the social relevance of Confucianism, at a time when it was de-institutionalised with the collapse of the Qing dynasty and the Chinese empire.〔Yong Chen, 2012. p. 174〕 Kang modeled his ideal "Confucian Church" after European national Christian churches, as a hierarchical and centralised institution, closely bound to the state, with local church branches, Sunday prayers and choirs, missions, journals, and even baptism sometimes, devoted to the worship and the spread of the teachings of Confucius.〔Yong Chen, 2012. p. 174〕 The large community of Confucian literati who were left bereft of a ritual and organisational outlet for their values and identity after the dissolution of state Confucianism, supported such projects. Similar models were also followed by various newly created Confucian folk religious sects, such as the Xixinshe, the Daode Xueshe, and the Wanguo Daodehui. The Confucian Church was founded by a disciple of Kang, Chen Huanzhang, in 1912, and within a few years it established 132 branches countrywise.〔Billioud, 2010. p. 207〕 From 1913 to 1916, an important debate took place whether Confucianism should become the state religion (''guo jiao'') and as such inscribed in the constitution of China.〔Billioud, 2010. p. 207〕 This finally didn't occur, and anti-religious campaigns mounting in the 1920s led to a dissolution of the Confucian church.〔Billioud, 2010. p. 207〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Confucian church」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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